• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Electromechanical parachute device for lifting devices, electronically activated for emergency braking of a cabin that can be moved longitudinally by a guide (1), which includes a wedging block integral with the cabin. The device comprises an activation plate (2) movable with respect to the guide (1), and operable by the activation mechanism, and a guiding element (4) of a braking element (6), movable by a guiding mechanism (3) in a direction parallel to the guide (1). The activation plate (2) additionally comprises a friction element (12), for defining relative positions of the activation plate (2) with respect to the guide (1): a rest position, with the activation plate (2) away from the guide (1), an active position, in which the friction element (12) contacts said guide (1), and a braking position. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2821007A1
    申请号:ES201930777
    申请日:2019-09-06
    公开日:2021-04-23
    发明作者:Ramila Raúl Alonso；Zalacain Oier Garcia
    申请人:Orona S Coop；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0002] Electromechanical parachute device of lifting devices
    [0004] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    [0006] The present invention falls within the technical field of elevator safety devices, more specifically in that of braking devices that act between cars or counterweights and guide surfaces, and refers in particular to an electromechanical drive parachute device for lifting devices.
    [0008] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0010] Among the safety elements usually used in lifting devices, there are emergency braking devices that are used to reduce the speed of travel, until it is immobilized, of an elevator car in cases where it reaches excessively high speeds. high, which can occur for example due to defects in the control or actuation of your brake, or by breaks and sags of the cables.
    [0012] Within these emergency braking devices, those known as parachutes prevent the free fall or uncontrolled movement of the cabin by immobilizing it on the guides through which it moves. Thus, the parachute, also sometimes known as wedging, is in charge of stopping the cabin by means of a friction force that it performs when acting on the cabin guides, and must be able to stop it with full load, keeping it secured on the guides. Traditionally, the activation of the parachutes has been carried out by means of a mechanical speed limiting element which, in the event of excess speed of the cabin, is blocked and causes the activation of said parachute.
    [0014] On the other hand, safety electronics are increasingly used in the technical field of elevator safety systems, and these electronic safety systems can be classified as active type, which require a supply of energy for positive actuation. of the safety mechanism, and of the passive type, which require the contribution of energy to keep the safety system in an operating state of retention.
    [0016] Although passive safety features offer an increase in functionality, they present the great disadvantage of requiring a continuous supply of energy to be retained, with the increase in energy expenditure that this implies, thus increasing the operating costs of the device and negatively impacting its energy rating. Also, such passive elements typically have components of larger dimensions due to high power requirements during operation, which adversely affects the overall size, weight, and efficiency of the apparatus.
    [0018] In the specific case of parachutes, there are variants and adaptations prepared to operate without a mechanical speed limiter, using instead electronic safety devices to detect emergency situations.
    [0020] A first example can be found in the European patent with publication number EP1813566, relating to a safety device for an elevator capable of reducing the period of time required for stopping after the detection of a speed anomaly. The device comprises a speed limiter, which activates the wedge upon detection of an anomaly in speed, a track that moves away from the guide in a downward direction and a braking element that includes an attraction element or magnet. When the limiter detects an anomaly, it attracts the magnet to the guide, causing the braking element to stop descending and up the track to cause wedging.
    [0022] Another European patent, in this case with publication number EP1902993, describes a braking or catching device for an elevator car guided in a gap along guide rails, in which a roller is the braking element that is placed between the guide and the block for immobilization of the cabin. This roller is kept away from the guide thanks to an electromagnet. Furthermore, there is a guiding element that in the active position brings the roller into contact with the guide so that wedging occurs, while in the non-active position the electromagnet keeps the guiding element retracted.
    [0024] Finally, the patent with publication number EP2651810 discloses a device for actuating and replacing a parachute of an elevator installation, which can be fitted to a braking surface or a guide rail. The device includes a pressure accumulator, preferably a compression spring, an actuator, a retention device and a resetting device operable remotely and configured to tension the pressure accumulator in a standby position. The actuator can be connected to the parachute element and is connected to the pressure accumulator, and the actuator is configured to, on the one hand, keep the parachute element in the standby position and, on the other hand, if necessary, move it to a parachute position when the pressure accumulator is released. Also, the retention device includes a retention pawl held by an electromagnet and released by a spring force, this pawl being configured to hold the actuator in the waiting position.
    [0026] These currently existing parachutes have the main disadvantages of having generally large dimensions, in addition to the fact that the interruption of their supply automatically causes a wedging of the lifting device, in this case being necessary the temporary inactivation of the lifting device and the intervention of a team specialized technician for the release of the wedging block.
    [0028] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0030] Traditionally, the activation of the parachutes of lifting devices has been carried out by means of a mechanical speed limiting element, which, in case of detecting an excess speed of movement of the car with respect to the guides, is blocked and causes the activation of said parachute. Lately, designs are emerging prepared to operate without this mechanical speed limiting element, using safe electronic systems to detect emergency situations for this function. This causes the need to use a parachute that can be activated electronically.
    [0032] The object of the invention consists of a parachute device for electromechanically actuated lifting devices, which comprises a wedging block integral with a car and in proximity to an elevator guide. On one side of the guide there is a car braking shoe attached to the block, while on the other side of the elevator guide there is a roller whose mission is to wedge itself between block and shoe, trapping in this wedging movement to the guide located between the roller and the shoe and thereby securing the car against the guide.
    [0034] Based on this general wedging principle, already known in the current state of the art, the device comprises an actuation and rearming mechanism that comprises, among other elements:
    [0035] - An activation plate, articulated on one end by which it is attached to the block, and activated by an activation mechanism, preferably an electromagnet, while at the opposite end it has a compression spring that acts on the activation plate in a direction opposite to that of the electromagnet.
    [0036] - A longitudinal groove, made in the body of the activation plate, through which a guide element slides linearly, which guides the roller in the direction of said sliding. In a preferred embodiment, the guide element is in the shape of a horseshoe body with two free arms, between which the axis of the roller moves freely. This horseshoe body allows the roller to have free movement in two directions, within its wedging movement with the block.
    [0037] - A magnetic element, attached to the guide element, which allows an additional magnetic coupling with the guide.
    [0038] - A friction element, movable on the body of the activation plate, which allows the definition of three positions of the activation plate with respect to the guide, such as:
    [0039] - A first position separated from the guide, when the electromagnet attracts the activation plate.
    [0040] - A second position, in which a contact of the friction element with the guide occurs when the electromagnet is deactivated and therefore the compression spring acts. Said friction element keeps the cabin in a safe position.
    [0041] - A third position, in which the car, starting from the safe position, continues to move, so that said friction element pivots, causing wedging between roller and shoe.
    [0043] The device is mainly based on the displacement of the activation plate with respect to the wedge block, which is of the pivoting type, although displacements of the linear type are also contemplated. When the elevator is operating normally, with the car moving along the guides, the electromagnetic activation mechanism is powered, causing the activation plate to stay away from the guide.
    [0045] When the elevator enters the rest position, the activation mechanism is de-energized, so that the compression spring makes the activation plate pivot and approaches the guide until it makes the friction element contact it. This friction element would be held in a position normally perpendicular to the guide thanks to a spring. It is contemplated the possibility of being able to alternate between the active and inactive positions feeding and discharging the electromagnetic activation mechanism, as long as there is no relative movement of the guide with respect to the block.
    [0047] With the friction element in contact with the guide, securing the cabin on said guide, in the event of a relative movement of the guide with respect to the block, the friction element pivots, making the activation plate move closer together. even to the guide until doing make the magnetic element stick to it. The movement of the guide in turn causes a relative displacement of the roller with respect to the block, until reaching a position in which the roller would come into contact with both the guide and the block, starting the wedging.
    [0049] At that time the block would begin to move horizontally with respect to the guide, until the shoe touches the guide and later compresses some springs attached to the shoe. When said springs are compressed, the horseshoe has a projection that, when impacting with the stops, would push the activation plate away from the guide and towards the electromagnet, so that the magnetic element also stops contacting the guide. In this way, before uncoupling the device, the electromagnet would be powered again, causing the parachute to return to the rest position when the roller lowered due to a traction spring pulling the roller towards said position.
    [0051] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0053] To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of a practical embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, the following has been represented:
    [0055] Figure 1.- Shows a front view of the electromechanical parachute device in rest position, with a partial cross section, in which its main elements can be seen.
    [0057] Figure 2.- Shows a front view of the device in active position, in which the friction element secures the cabin on the guide.
    [0059] Figure 3.- Shows a front view of a first stage of the device's operating sequence, in which the cabin moves in an uncontrolled manner with respect to the guide.
    [0061] Figure 4.- Shows a front view of a second stage of the operating sequence.
    [0063] Figure 5.- Shows a front view of a third stage of the operating sequence.
    [0065] Figure 6.- Shows a front view of a fourth stage of the operating sequence.
    [0066] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0068] A detailed explanation of a preferred embodiment of the object of the present invention is provided below, with the aid of the aforementioned figures.
    [0070] The electromechanical parachute device of lifting devices that is described is designed to carry out an emergency braking of a cabin, longitudinally movable by at least one essentially vertical guide (1), securing it on said guide (1) to avoid uncontrolled movements, or even falls due to gravity.
    [0072] For this, this parachute device, shown schematically in its rest position in figure 1, is basically made up of:
    [0073] - a wedge block, integrally coupled to the cabin,
    [0074] - an electronically operable trigger mechanism,
    [0075] - an activation plate (2), linked to the wedging block, movable with respect to the guide (1) and operable by the activation mechanism, which in turn has a guiding mechanism (3), and
    [0076] - a guide element (4), engagable with the guide mechanism (3) and movable along said guide mechanism (3) in a direction essentially parallel to the guide (1).
    [0078] The wedging block in turn comprises a central rail for housing the guide (1), a lateral catch element (5), movable perpendicular to the central rail, and a lateral braking element (6), movable perpendicular to the central rail in a direction opposite to that of the capture element (5), and attachable both to it and to the guide (1) for braking and immobilization of the cabin.
    [0080] In the preferred embodiment described here, the capture element (5) consists of a shoe, while the braking element (6) consists of a roller, provided with a central axis (7) and a toothed friction surface.
    [0082] The activation plate (2), which in this preferred embodiment has an elongated geometry and pivotally displaces with respect to the guide (1), has a first end, which comprises a pivot joint (8) with the wedging block for creation of a pivotal movement of the activation plate (2) with respect to the guide (1), and a second end comprising a compression spring (9) for bringing the activation plate (2) closer to the guide (1).
    [0083] The guiding mechanism (3) of said activation plate (2) comprises a longitudinal slot (10) through, located in a central sector of the activation plate (2), and stops (11), located in respective ends of the longitudinal slot (10).
    [0085] The activation plate (2) additionally comprises a movable friction element (12), which in this preferred embodiment consists of a pivoting cam body located at the second end, as can be seen in the attached figures. This friction element (12) is kept in a normally horizontal position, perpendicular to the guide (1), thanks to the action of an internal spring (13).
    [0087] The guiding element (4) is in this preferred embodiment in the form of a horseshoe body, as illustrated in Figures 1-6, and comprises a central housing (14), delimited by respective upper and lower arms (15). , of the horseshoe body, so that the housing (14) allows the insertion of the central axis (7) of the braking element (6). Furthermore, the guide element (4) comprises at least one contact surface (16), intended to contact the guide (1).
    [0089] This guide element (4) additionally comprises a magnetic element (17) for creating an additional magnetic coupling with the guide (1). In the embodiment shown in these attached figures, the contact surface (16) is located at a free end of the magnetic element (17), although in alternative embodiments it can be located in other parts of the guide element (4), such as the free ends of the arms (15). Likewise, the aforementioned housing (14) allows a sliding longitudinal displacement of the braking element (6) to take place inside it.
    [0091] As for the activation mechanism, it comprises at least one electromagnetic element (18), in this case an electromagnetic suction cup, linked to the pivoting joint (8) to keep the activation plate (2) in a position away from the guide (1), and an elastic element (19) that links the guide element (4) with the activation plate (2). Thus, the aforementioned compression spring (9) brings the activation plate (2) closer to the guide (1) when the electromagnetic element (18) is not powered.
    [0093] Figures 2-6 illustrate a sequence of operation of the device described above. Thus, while in figure 1 the device is in the rest position, with the car moving normally along the guide (1) and the electromagnetic element (18) is powered and keeps the activation plate (2) away from said guide (1), in figure 2 the elevator is in the rest or stand-by position, waiting to be used, so that it does not need to be powered , thus reducing your energy consumption.
    [0095] This lack of power supply of the electromagnetic element (18) during the rest state of the lifting device, causes the activation plate (2) to move towards the guide (1), thanks to a combined action of the pivoting joint (8) and the compression spring (9), until the friction element (12) contacts said guide (1), thus keeping the cabin in a safe position without the need for the wedging block to come into operation.
    [0097] In the event of a relative displacement of the guide (1) with respect to the wedging block, the friction element (12) pivots, overcoming the resistance of its internal spring (13), and causing the activation plate (2) to move closer to the guide (1), as illustrated in figure 3. This displacement of the activation plate (2) in turn causes a relative movement of the braking element (6) within the guide element (4 ), until it comes into contact with the guide (1), position shown in figure 4, starting the wedging.
    [0099] At that moment, in which the guide element (4) also moves along the longitudinal slot (10) of the guide mechanism (3), the braking element (6) moves horizontally through the housing (14) towards the guide (1), until it comes into contact with the capture element (5), which additionally comprises reinforcement springs (20) to control the braking force.
    [0101] The compression of said reinforcement springs (20) causes a protrusion of the guide element (4) to impact with the stops (11) of the guide mechanism (3), thus causing the activation plate (2) to approach the element. electromagnetic (18), also separating the contact surface (16) and the magnetic element (17) from the guide (1), which can be seen in the attached figure 5.
    [0103] Finally, in figure 6 an intermediate position can be seen in the disengagement of the device, in which the electromagnetic element (18) is fed again, so that the activation plate (2) moves away from the guide (1), causing the guide element (4) to drag the braking element (6) towards its rest position by the traction exerted by the elastic element (19).
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    1. Electromechanical parachute device for lifting devices, electronically activated for emergency braking of a cabin that can be moved longitudinally by a guide (1), comprising:
    - a wedging block integral with the cabin, which in turn comprises:
    - a central rail to house the guide (1),
    - a lateral capture element (5), movable perpendicular to one side of the central rail, and
    - a braking element (6) movable with respect to the central rail and attachable to the guide (1) for braking and capturing the car,
    - an electronically operable trigger mechanism,
    - an activation plate (2) movable with respect to the guide (1), and operable by the activation mechanism, which in turn has a guiding mechanism (3), and
    - a guiding element (4) of the braking element (6), coupled with the guiding mechanism (3) and movable by said guiding mechanism (3) in a direction essentially parallel to the guide (1),
    The device being characterized in that the activation plate (2) additionally comprises a movable friction element (12), for defining relative positions of the activation plate (2) with respect to the guide (1):
    - a rest position, in which the activation mechanism keeps the activation plate (2) away from the guide (1),
    - an active position, in which the activation mechanism brings the activation plate (2) towards the guide (1), to contact the friction element (12) with the guide (1), and - a braking position , in which a relative movement of the guide (1) with respect to the cabin produces a displacement of the friction element (12), in turn causing the following sequence of action:
    - a contact of the guide element (4) with the guide (1),
    - a displacement of the guide element (4) by the guide mechanism (3), due to friction with the guide (1), and
    - a drag of the braking element (6) by the guiding element (4) until wedging with the catch element (5).
    [2]
    Parachute device according to claim 1, characterized in that the friction element (12) pivotally moves relative to the activation plate (2)
    [3]
    Parachute device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guiding element (4) comprises:
    - a housing (14) for coupling the braking element (6), and
    - at least one contact surface (16) intended to contact the guide (1),
    [4]
    Parachute device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the activation plate (2) moves pivotally with respect to the guide (1) and comprises:
    - a pivoting joint (8) for pivotal movement of the activation plate (2) with respect to the guide (1), and
    - a compression spring (9) to bring the activation plate (2) closer to the guide (1).
    [5]
    Parachute device according to claim 1, characterized in that the guiding mechanism (3) comprises:
    - a longitudinal slot (10) through, and
    - some stops (11), located at respective ends of the longitudinal slot (10).
    [6]
    Parachute device according to claim 5, characterized in that the guiding element (4) comprises a protrusion that can be engaged with the stops (11) of the guiding mechanism (3) to bring the activation plate (2) closer to the activation mechanism. activation.
    [7]
    Parachute device according to claim 4, characterized in that the activation mechanism comprises an electromagnetic element (18) linked to the pivoting joint (8) to maintain the activation plate (2) in a remote position with respect to the guide. (1)
    [8]
    8. Parachute device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the braking element (6) is a roller and the capture element (5) is a shoe.
    [9]
    Parachute device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide element (4) comprises a magnetic element (17) for additional magnetic coupling with the guide (1).
    [10]
    10. Parachute device according to claim 8, characterized in that the contact surface (16) is located on the magnetic element (17).
    [11]
    Elevator apparatus characterized in that it comprises the electromechanical parachute device according to any one of claims 1-10.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3789335A2|2021-03-10|
    EP3789335A3|2021-03-17|
    ES2821007B2|2022-02-21|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20070007083A1|2005-06-17|2007-01-11|Inventio Ag|Progressive safety device|
    US20070107991A1|2005-11-08|2007-05-17|Dynatech, Dynamics & Technology, S.L.|Progressive bidirectional safety gear|
    US20080128218A1|2006-12-05|2008-06-05|Nicolas Gremaud|Brake equipment for holding and braking an elevator car in an elevator installation and a method of holding and braking an elevator installation|
    KR100968706B1|2009-04-08|2010-07-06|오티스 엘리베이터 컴파니|Friction elements for safety apparatus attatched elevator car, and safety apparatus having the same|
    US20170107078A1|2014-06-12|2017-04-20|Otis Elevator Company|Braking system resetting mechanism for a hoisted structure|
    WO2006054328A1|2004-11-16|2006-05-26|Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha|Safety device for elevator|
    DE102006043890A1|2006-09-19|2008-03-27|Wittur Ag|Braking and/or arresting device for cabin of lift, has guiding device cooperated with roller and formed such that guiding device moves into pole-distant position during de-energization of electromagnets for guide rail|
    US9169104B2|2010-12-17|2015-10-27|Inventio Ag|Activating a safety gear|
    MX2013006942A|2010-12-17|2013-07-15|Inventio Ag|Arrangement for actuating and restoring an intercepting apparatus.|
    US10252884B2|2016-04-05|2019-04-09|Otis Elevator Company|Wirelessly powered elevator electronic safety device|
    法律状态:
    2021-04-23| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2821007 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20210423 |
    2022-02-21| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2821007 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B2 Effective date: 20220221 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201930777A|ES2821007B2|2019-09-06|2019-09-06|Electromechanical parachute device for lifting devices|ES201930777A| ES2821007B2|2019-09-06|2019-09-06|Electromechanical parachute device for lifting devices|
    EP20382790.2A| EP3789335A3|2019-09-06|2020-09-07|Electromechanical safety gear device for elevator apparatus|
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